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朱宇

褚茜琳

乐耀

厦门大学，中国

 

摘要

虚词是对外汉语教学的难点之一，学术汉语书面语域虚词使用频率高、现象复杂，但相关研究为数不多。本文分析的虚词项目包括连词 9 类、助词 24 类、介词 18 类、功能性副词 54 类。语料为人文学科语域（中国文学、语言学、哲学）和社科学科语域（法学、管理学、社会学）的 1034 篇核心期刊论文（约 926 万字）。研究以语料库语言学的多维度分析方法实证分析了上述 105 类虚词在人文社科论文的分布规律，揭示了虚词在人文语域和社科语域的七个差异维度及其折射的语言功能，它们分别是：紧承性与偏离性、既定性与断言性、述说性与典雅性、话题性与背景性、主观性与概括性、差异性表述、列举性。研究为汉语学术语篇虚词使用特征的研究提供了新视角和新发现。

 

关键词

虚词，学术汉语，语言使用差异，多维度分析，语言功能

 

Variation Dimensions and Functions of the Use of Functional Words in Journal Papers of Humanities and Social Sciences

 

Yu Zhu

Xilin Chu

Yao Yue

Xiamen University, China

 

Abstract

Function words are one of the difficulties in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Function words in academic Chinese written registers are frequently used, and the phenomenon is complex, but there are few related studies. The function words analyzed in this paper include conjunctions (9 subcategories), auxiliary words (24 subcategories), prepositions (18 subcategories), and functional adverbs (54 subcategories). The corpus consists of 1034 core journal papers (approximately 9.26 million words) in the domains of humanities (Chinese literature, linguistics, and philosophy) and social sciences (law, management, and sociology). The study uses the multidimensional analysis method of corpus linguistics to empirically analyze the distribution of the above 105 subcategories of function words in humanities and social science journal papers and reveals the seven dimensions of function words in the papers and language functions reflected by each dimension. More specifically, these dimensions are: continuity and deviation, establishments and assertion, narration and elegance, topicality and situation, subjectivity and generalization, differential expression, and enumeration. It provides a new perspective and sheds lights to the study of the usage of function words in Chinese academic discourse.

 

Keywords

Function words, academic Chinese, differences in language use, multidimensional analysis, language function